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Pleurotus Florida with high cellulase activity as well as lignin degradability was selected out among strains for fermentation of the rice straw to improve the nutritive value. When the rice straw was fermented by P. florida, the contents of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin were decreased to 22.5%. 11.4% and 28.1%, respectively, whereas the contents of rice straw fermented after pretreatment with H₂O₂ or alkaline hydrogen peroxide were decreased much in the lower concentration. The content of T-N (total-nitrogen) and crude fat was increased with the longer fermentation period. The amino acid content of rice straw fermented by P. florida in 30 days was increased to 28.9% and 35.1% as the rice straw was fermented after pretreatment without and with 4% H₂O₂, respectively. The crystalline intensity of rice straw was decreased by pretreatment with 4% H₂O₂ and fermentation by P. Florida. However, the crystall intensity was increased by treatment with alkaline hydrogen peroxide and the more when the straw was washed after the treatment. When the rice straw was fermented by P. Florida for 30 days, the in vitro organic matter digestibility was increased up to 6% of H₂O₂pretreatment.
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